Quotation marks (' . . . '  "... ") can also be called 'inverted commas'.

1)    We can use quotation marks when we say what name something has.
. . . can be called 'inverted commas'. And quotation marks are often used when we mention titles.

• His next book was 'Heart of Darkness'.

2)    We can use quotation marks when we mention a word, or when we use it in an unusual way.

• The word 'disinterested' does not mean 'uninterested'.
  
• A textbook can be a 'wall' between a teacher and a class.

3)    We use quotation marks (single ' ... 'or double "... ") when we quote direct speech.

• 'Hello,' she said. OR "Hello," she said.

1. Use quotation marks to set off a speaker’s exact words.

• “Did you eat the entire bag of chips?” Debbie squealed.

2. Use quotation marks to set off the titles of short works such as poems, essays, songs, short stories, and magazine articles.

• “The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson (short story)
• “Self-Reliance” by Ralph Waldo Emerson (essay)
• “We’ve Only Just Begun” by the Carpenters (song)